Substation control houses for 35 kV (and higher) substations

Substation control house consists of pre-fabricated modular building with the equipment installed in it. The configuration of substation control house is determined by the Customer and project design for transformer substations and generally includes:

• relay protection, automation and control of substation equipment, feeding and outgoing connections;
• AC and DC power supply and distribution switchboards for substation service equipment;
• communication and remote control devices;
• HVAC and lightning;
• security and fire alarm.

Depending on the amount of equipment built into it, a substation control house consists of a different number of modular units.

The AC power supply and distribution switchboard for substation service equipment (local distribution board) can be made using cabinets ШЭ 8350, panels ПСН 1100 V according to TU 16-536.024-75, as well as other similar components. Type of the product is determined by the customer and the project design

The DC power supply and distribution switchboard for substation service equipment (DC board) can be made using cabinets ШCH1200, panels ПСН 1200 according to TU 16-536.024-75, as well as other similar components

Type of the product, its configuration (rectifier charges, accumulator batteries, insulation monitoring devices, etc.) is determined by the customer and the project design

The type of the used communications and supervisory control devices is determined by the customer and project design

The auxiliary power supply system is designed to ensure reliable continuous power supply to auxiliary consumers of transformer substations, including engineering systems

The power is supplied by auxiliary transformers of 10/0.4 kV transformer substations, installed at the site of open-type switchgear.

Consumers of the auxiliary power supply system are:

• high voltage equipment  of transformer substations (circuit breaker actuators, disconnecting switches, power transformer voltage regulators, circuit breaker actuator heating systems, etc.);

• relay protection, automation, control and signaling devices;
• engineering systems, including heating and ventilation systems;
• internal lighting of substation control houses and external lighting of the open-type switchgear site.

Depending on the configuration and project design the auxiliary power supply system provides:

• AC and DC supply to consumers;

• protection of power supply circuits from overloads and short circuits;
• automatic power redundancy from one of the auxiliary transformers in case of power loss;
• power supply for relay protection, automation, control and signaling devices and other important systems from the storage battery in the event of power loss from both auxiliary transformers.

Auxiliary power supply system installed in substation control houses generally includes:

• 0.4 kV AC local distribution board equipped with automatic load transfer switch;

• 0.22 kV DC local distribution board with rectifier chargers and accumulator batteries.

AC local distribution board consists of two sections connected by a section switch, each section is powered through a separate input switch.

Main busbar of AC local distribution board is bare and made of copper. Cable line passes to the devices of the outgoing lines are made using a flexible insulated wire.

AC local distribution board can be of close or open type, with two-side access or front access. The switches of the outgoing connections of each section, local and section switches are placed in separate cabinets and on panels. Local switches are placed in the outer cabinets (panels). Configuration of AC local distribution board is determined by the customer and project design for transformer substations.

Withdrawable or fixed-type switches can be used as local and sectional switches for AC local distribution board. The switch version is determined by the customer and project design for transformer substations

AC local distribution board provides local and remote control of local and section switches equipped with switch status signaling.

The AC local distribution board is equipped with cabinets ШЭ 8350 and panels ПСН 1100 V according to TU 16-536.024-75, as well as other similar components. Type of the product is determined by the customer and the project design.

DC boards with rectifier chargers and storage batteries provide uninterruptible DC power supply (220 V) to consumers, as well as ensure charging and recharging of storage batteries and monitor their condition.

To ensure uninterruptible power supply to DC consumers, the DC board generally has two bus power sections with a rectifier charger equipped with a battery connected to each section. The power supply for the rectifier chargers is provided from different sections of the AC local distribution board

The transfer to battery power of electrical receivers is carried out without interruption of power supply

The DC board maintains the DC voltage within the range of +10%, -20% if the load current changes from 10% to 100% of the nominal and the input voltage of the rectifier charger within the range of ±10% of the nominal.

The DC board is equipped with an insulation monitoring device for DC consumer network, which measures the insulation resistance and signals in case of  its decrease to less than 20 kOhm

The DC board has a relay undervoltage monitoring and instrumental control of voltage on the control buses

The DC board is equipped with automatic switches in the battery and rectifier charger supply circuits and sends a signal in case of their disconnection.

DC board can be of close or open type, with two-side access or front access. Configuration of DC board is determined by the customer and project design for transformer substations.

Withdrawable or fixed-type switches can be used as automatic switches for DC board. The switch version is determined by the customer and project design for transformer substations

Distribution busbar of DC board is bare and made of copper. Cable line passes to the devices using a flexible insulated wire

The accumulator batteries are placed in separate cabinets on racks or shelves in accordance with the requirements of the Electrical Installation Code

The accumulator batteries include gas recombination batteries with a capacity of up to 85 A/h and a warranty period of at least 10 years

The DC board is equipped with cabinets ШCH1200 and panels ПСН 1200 according to TU 16-536.024-75, as well as other similar components. Type of the product is determined by the customer and the project design

Board alarm system is provided by LED indicator lamps and displays.

Telemetering equipment for general substation control points is designed to collect, process and transmit technological information on the state and control of high-voltage equipment and network parameters of a high-voltage substation

Telemetering equipment complies with GOST 26.205-88 and provides the following centralized control and administration functions.

• collection of information on the state of the main and auxiliary process equipment from dry contact primary sensors and/or smart sensors via digital interfaces;

• collection of information about the parameters of the energy transfer and distribution process and its conditions from analog and/or digital sensors and converters;
• preliminary processing and transmission of information to the upper level of the control system via the service network;
• receiving control commands from the upper-level dispatch control system and transmitting them to the actuators of control and regulation objects via digital and/or discrete interfaces;
• automatic diagnostics and restart of system in case of failures and quiescing;
• remote performance and configuration control of operating modes via a technological communication system (unmanned running);
• data exchange via data communication network according to GOST R IEC 60870-5-101-2006, GOST R IEC 60870-2-2-2001.

Telemetering equipment is manufactured on the basis of industrial programmable logic controllers

The configuration and type of the telemetering equipment, the number of input/output ports for discrete, analog and retransmitted parameters are determined in accordance with the project design for the remote control engineering of substation.

Engineering communication equipment of substation control houses ensures the exchange of data between the upper-level monitoring systems and the information systems of substation control houses via various types of communication lines

Depending on the type of communication lines used, engineering communication equipment of substation control houses operates via fiber-optic or radio relay communication lines, as well as via high-voltage power transmission lines using high-frequency channels.

Engineering communication equipment provides

• control and monitoring via SNMP protocol;
• reception and transmission of voice messages between IEEE 802.3ab/z (IEEE 802.3u) standard data dispatchers, with fixed addressing via TCP/IP protocol.

Engineering communication equipment of substation control houses is integrated with the communication equipment via the following interfaces and data transmission protocols

• with the equipment of the broadband radio access system via Ethernet 10/100 Base-T interface;
• with a radio access system (transmission speeds up to 19.2 kbps) via the RS-232 interface;
• with the Ethernet multiplexing equipment via Ethernet 10/100 Base-T interface.

The type of communication equipment used is determined by the customer and design project for certain transformer substation.

Relay protection, automation, control and signaling devices are designed to protect high-voltage equipment, incoming and outgoing feeders, as well as control high-voltage switches and signaling about their position, signaling about emergency modes of protected equipment of a transformer substation (TS).

Devices based on microprocessor and electronic technology, electromechanical and electronic relays are used as RPA

Incoming information signals of RPA:

• analog signals from measuring current and voltage transformers of substation;

• discrete (contact) signals indicating the position of high voltage circuit breakers, disconnect switches, as well as the status of power facilities.

Output information and control signals of RPA:

• discrete (contact) signals controlling high voltage circuit breakers;

• discrete (contact) signals indicating the tripping event;
• discrete (contact) signals indicating a faulty state of relay protection and automation system (for microprocessor and electronic devices).

Microprocessor-based RPA are equipped with RS-485 ports for serial communication with the automatic process control system (APCS) and for exchanging information with each other. Communication via serial channels is carried out using Modbus protocols.

RPA based on microprocessor technology are installed in cabinets, RPA based on electronic and electromechanical relays are installed in cabinets and on panels.

Type and required number of RPA is determined by the customer and project design for certain TS.